回研究彙報目錄 | 行政院農業委員會台南區農業改良場 研究彙報第52號 |
落花生新品種台南15號之育成
陳國憲、楊藹華、楊允聰
摘 要
陳國憲、楊藹華、楊允聰。2008。落花生新品種台南15號之育成。台南區農業改良場研究彙報 52：1-24。
落花生新品系「南改系162號」於2008年7月19日通過命名，登記為「台南15號」。台南15號係以雜交育種方法育成，母本為台南11號，父本為NS87114。人工雜交於1989年秋作進行，1990年春作∼1992年春作以混合法進行雜交後代分離與培育及選拔優良單株，1992年秋作∼1997年秋作進行品系試驗，1998年春作∼2000年秋作進行區域試驗，2001年春作∼2006年春作年進行種子繁殖及栽培試驗。台南15號屬西班牙型，株型直立，株高約為41.6cm∼47.1cm。成熟收穫期春作為播種後115天∼125天，秋作為100天∼110天。平均公頃乾莢果產量春作為3,655 kg，秋作為3,079 kg。剝實春作為68.9%，秋作為69.5%，百莢重約164g∼167g，千粒重約675g∼690g，籽粒油份含量約51.6%∼52.1%，蛋白質含量約28.2%∼28.7%。在田間自然發病情形下，罹銹病及葉斑病的程度，較台南11號輕微。適應機械收穫。根據全台區域試驗資料，進行穩定性分析的結果，台南15號的乾莢果產量甚為穩定，可在全台各地栽培。
關 鍵 詞：落花生，品種改良
Development of a Peanut Variety "Tainan No.15"
Chen, K. H., A. H. Yang and Y. T. Yang
Abstract
Peanut cultivar ( Arachis hypogaea L.) Tainan No.15 is a high-yielding, Spanish-type developed by the Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station ( Tainan DARES ) in 1998. It was selected by bulk method during 1990 to 1992 from the cross of Tainan No.11 and NS87114 made in the fall crop of 1989. The final single plant selection was made in F5 generation, in the fall crop of 1992. Tainan No.15 was evaluated in a series of trials during 1992∼1997 at the experimental field of Tainan DARES, and at the major peanut production area in Taiwan with the designation NS9362. In addition, Tainan No.15 was further evaluated in regional yield trial around the island during 1998∼2000 for its yield potential and stability with the designation of Nan-Kai-Si162.
Peanut Tainan No.15 is an early maturing cultivar and required approximately 115 to 120 days and 100 to 110 days to mature, respectively, in the spring and the fall environments in Taiwan. The average dry pod yield of Tainan No.15 is 3655 kg/ha in the spring crop and 3079 kg/ha in the fall crop. The plant height of Tainan No.15 is about 41.6 to 47.1 cm, shelling percentage is about 68.9% to 69.5%, hundred-pod weight is about 164 to 167g , and thousand-kernel weight is about 675 to 690 g. The pod and kernel size of Tainan No.11 is smaller than Tainan No.14. Seeds of Tainan No.15 contain 51.6 to 52.1% oil and 28.2% to 28.7% crude protein, depending upon the growing environments. Tainan No.15 has significantly differed from the commercial cultivars Tainan No.11, in resistance to foliar diseases, leaf spot. According to a series field of trials, Tainan No.15 can be grown around the island.
Key words: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) , Varietal improvement