回研究彙報目錄| 行政院農業委員會台南區農業改良場 研究彙報第11號 |
台灣洋蔥採種技術之研究（民國62年至67年）
張明聰 余合
摘 要
1. 本省地處亞熱帶地區，夏季高溫多濕多驟雨，欲生產洋蔥種子僅適于溫涼的秋冬季（10月中旬∼4月上旬）。
2. 採種用的種球以中球（直徑6.6∼8.0公分）以上的大小為佳。
3. 由于本省冬季低溫不足種球植前須行低溫5∼10℃之春化處理2個月。
4. 採種地區以選開花、結實、種子採收期間（1月∼4月）氣候乾燥，日照充足，無梅雨之南部地區如台南、恒春、荖濃最適宜。
5. 採種栽植密度以80公分×30公分或80公分×20公分最適宜，在病蟲害為害少的地區如恒春，可以行密植栽培，即80公分×20公分一植穴二種球或三種球，可以提高產量30％∼50％。
6. 在採種栽培期間開花授粉時期如授粉昆蟲較少時，每毗鄰0.3公頃採種圃宜飼放蜜蜂一箱，以促進授粉結實，提高採種量。
7. 採種量每10公畝100∼150磅以上。
Studies on Onion (Allium Cepa, L.) Seed Production in Taiwan (1973~1978)
Ming-Tsong Chang, Her Yu
Summary
1.The most suitable time for onion seed production is from mid October to first of April in Taiwan southern. This is a period of ideal climatic conditions with dry weather and mild temperature.
2.The best seed yields are obtained by using mother bulbs of 6.6~10.0 cm in diameter.
3.Best rests are obtained by using mother bulbs stored at low temperatures (5~10℃) for 2 month before planting.
4.The best locations for seed production are Herng-Chen, Tainan, Loa-Nong, which have lower humidity with clear, sunny days.
5.According to cultural practice, plant growth, seed production and economic viewpoint, the recommend plant density for onion seed production are of 80×30 cm and 80×20 cm with 1 bulb per hill, at Herng-Chen, 80×20 cm with 2~3 bulbs per hill could increase 30%~50% seed yield than 1 bulb per hill.
6.If there are few insect pollinators, bee colonies can put on seed production field in order to improve pollination, seed set and seed quality.
7.The seed yield was 45~68% per 0.1 ha.